Dhaka, February 5: Bangladesh is currently grappling with a healthcare crisis exacerbated by industrial pollution. A recent media report highlights that climate change and industrial emissions are significantly worsening health conditions in the country.
According to the Irish Times, despite contributing only 0.3% to global CO2 emissions, Dhaka’s air quality has deteriorated, placing it among the cities with the worst Air Quality Index (AQI) worldwide. This decline has led to a rise in respiratory diseases such as asthma, lung cancer, bronchitis, pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the capital.
Scientists note that Bangladesh’s low-lying and flat terrain makes it particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. With a population of approximately 174 million, a recent UN report predicts that Dhaka could become the most populous city by 2050.
Dr. Mustafizur Rahman from the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital warns that if pollution continues to escalate, it could “completely devastate” Bangladesh’s healthcare system. He points out that many residents live in slums near industrial areas, where “the sewage system is inadequate for standard living” and the risk of disease transmission is high.
The report also highlights that brick kilns surrounding Dhaka pose health risks. The numerous garment and leather factories contribute to air pollution, releasing toxic smoke and dumping hazardous waste into rivers, further contaminating water sources.
Additionally, the rising costs of healthcare often push individuals into debt. To repay these debts, many are forced to migrate abroad, frequently undertaking perilous journeys across the Mediterranean to reach Europe.
Dr. Md. Safiun Islam, an assistant professor of respiratory medicine, states that political instability in the country complicates the situation further. He notes a “rapid increase” in patient numbers over the past five years, with lines of 20 to 30 people sometimes waiting for ICU admission.
Controlling pollution from industrial sectors is deemed an “emergency” situation. Dr. Rahman emphasizes the need to separate industrial areas from residential zones and to raise awareness about sanitation among Dhaka’s residents.
He also expressed hopes for the upcoming elections, urging the new government to implement “proper planning” and ensure that “the right people are placed in the right positions.” The elections are scheduled for February 12, marking the first since Sheikh Hasina’s removal in August 2024.
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